Hospital effluent contains various hazardous contaminant including pharmaceutical residues, hazardous substances like hypochlorite, gluteraldehyde and other chemicals discharged from laboratories, dialysis units etc. They also have traces of radioactive isotopes, cytotoxics and pathogens. Due to so many emerging contaminants present in the hospital water, it poses physical, chemical and biological risk to aquatic environment and public health. Howsoever, there are as such no legal obligations before discharging the hospital effluent into the drain or surface water. Since, there is so much criticality of the hospital effluent composition and the risk associated with it is huge there is a dire need to impart proper treatment before discharging it into drain. However, there are no specific discharge standards in India for the contaminants present in the effluent. Rather in most of the countries there are no legal requirements as such for the disposal of the hospital effluent. This has become a matter of concern as legislations are homogenous in nature but donot enforce the limitation on these contaminants. The pharmaceutical residues have not been given a regulatory status in all the industrial countries. This paper aims to review the present regulations, legislations and guidelines relating to hospital effluent to draw attention towards need to have more stringent legislations for the same.

医院污水含有各种危险污染物，包括药物残留物，有害物质，如次氯酸盐，胶水醛等从实验室，透析装置等中排出的其他化学品。它们还具有放射性同位素，细胞毒素和病原体的痕迹。由于医院水中存在这么多的新兴污染物，它会给水生环境和公共卫生带来物理，化学和生物风险。无论如何，在将医院排放到排水管或地表水中之前，没有法律义务。由于，医院流出物组成具有如此多的临界性，并且与其相关的风险是巨大的需要在将其放入排水之前赋予适当的处理。然而，印度没有特定的排放标准用于出现在流出物中的污染物。相反，在大多数国家，也没有这样的法律要求，可以使用医院出水。这已成为关切的问题，因为立法在自然界中均匀，但捐赠者实施了对这些污染物的限制。药物残留物未在所有工业国家进行监管地位。本文旨在审查与医院污水有关的本条法规，立法和指导方针，以提请注意需要更加严格的立法。